Java is developed by " James Gosling " and it is developed at Sun Microsystems Inc .
Patrick Naugton and Mike Sheridon helps to
developed java in Sun Microsystems Inc in 1991. It took 18 months to
develop first working version.
The initially java was named as "Oak" but
later it is renamed as Java in 1995 as Oak was registered trademark of
another company.
Java is a high-level programming language. And it is compatible to run on variety of platforms like Windows , Linux ,Mac etc.
Basically java has three different versions like
In this tutorial we are going to learn about core java (J2SE) version only !
History of Java.
The history of Java is very interesting. Java was originally
designed for interactive television, but it was too advanced technology
for the digital cable television industry at the time. The history of
Java starts with the Green Team. Java team members (also known as Green
Team), initiated this project to develop a language for digital devices
such as set-top boxes, televisions, etc. However, it was suited for
internet programming. Later, Java technology was incorporated by
Netscape.
The principles for creating Java programming were "Simple, Robust,
Portable, Platform-independent, Secured, High Performance,
Multithreaded, Architecture Neutral, Object-Oriented, Interpreted, and
Dynamic". Java was developed by James Gosling, who is known as the
father of Java, in 1995. James Gosling and his team members started the
project in the early '90s.
James Gosling - founder of java
Currently, Java is used in internet programming, mobile devices,
games, e-business solutions, etc. There are given significant points
that describe the history of Java.
Features of Java
The primary objective of Java programming
language creation was to make it portable, simple and secure
programming language. Apart from this, there are also some excellent
features which play an important role in the popularity of this
language.
A list of most important features of Java language is given below.
1) Simple
Java is very easy to learn, and its syntax
is simple, clean and easy to understand. According to Sun, Java language
is a simple programming language because:
Java syntax is much more similar to C++
programming language. So ,if you have any idea about how to write
programs in C++. Then it means java is simple for you.
Another feature operator overloading is removed from the java.
In C , C++ programming language we have the feature like pointers but java removed this feature.
2) Object-Oriented.
Everything in the world is the example of
object. It simply means that , before we are going to make a building we
need to design their architecture and blue print.
On the basis of that single blue-print we can make number of objects (building).
But all the objects that we created is same if we follow same blue-print.
objects has both data and behavior of the class.
Object-oriented programming (OOPs) is a methodology that simplifies
software development and maintenance by providing some rules.
Basic concepts of OOPs are:
ObjectClassInheritancePolymorphismAbstractionEncapsulation
3) Secure Language.
Java is known as the secured programming language because by using this we can develop virus-free systems/applications.
In this pointer facility is not available so, directly
accessing data value from their physical address inside memory is not
possible.
We always encapsulate our data inside the class and also
declaring permission scopes for particular data in java using various
identifiers.
4) Platform Independent
Java is platform independent because it is
different from other languages like C, C++, etc. which are compiled into
platform specific machines while Java is a write once, run anywhere
language. A platform is the hardware or software environment in which a
program runs.
There are two types of platforms software-based and hardware-based. Java provides a software-based platform.
Java code can be run on multiple
platforms, for example, Windows, Linux, Sun Solaris, Mac/OS, etc. Java
code is compiled by the compiler and converted into bytecode. This
bytecode is a platform-independent code because it can be run on
multiple platforms, i.e., Write Once and Run Anywhere(WORA).
How perform platform independency
In the above diagram you can see a simple java program is written in any text editor. whose class name as " Demo "
When you run this class named as "Demo". then , javac compiler help to compile your java program.
After completion of compilation process that "Demo.java" file is converted into "Byte Code".
As we also said that byte code is a platform independent. That
byte code can be run on multiple platforms like Windows, Linux, Sun
Solaris, Mac/OS, etc.
Then , simply you get the same output in multiple platforms as shown in the above diagram.
5) Robust
Java has strong memory management.
In this pointer is not available so it
provides more security. Anyone can not find the physical address of the
data inside memory.
It provides exception handling to handle sudden situations.
6) Archetecture Neutral
In java programming it occupies 4 bytes of
memory in both the cases. Either you have 32 bit architecture system
or 64 bit architecture system.
As , we can see in other programming
languages like C , C++ memory allocation to the variable to store data
is depending on the architecture of the computer system we used.
7) Interpreted Language
Java is interpreted language because the
basic source code is converted into byte code that is the reason why
java called as platform independent.
That byte code makes the java portable to run on various platforms.
8) Multi-Threaded
Java is multi-thread based language because in java we can write a program to create threads.
Thread is a facility in which one
process can have multiple threads at a time each thread can share common
resource but can not effect the entire process.
9) Distributed Language
Java is known for their distributed
feature , It means simple java source code will converted into bytecode
after compilation of source code. That byte code is platform independent
we can distribute or we can share it with other person.
The distributed facility gives us the opportunity to run single source code into multiple platforms using same byte code.
10) Dynamic
Java is called as dynamic because java loads class files at run-time. Anything that happens at runtime is called dynamic.
We can write the java dynamic programs
also. Example : data binding is a good example for dynamic in which data
is binding at runtime. Compiler will decide which data should be bind
first.
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